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Disparities in Cancer, Care, and Access

19: Differential Kidney Cancer Incidence Patterns Among US Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Communities: Unraveling Ethnicity and Income Dynamics

    Lead Author(s)

  • Sharon Hechter, MD

    Resident
    Hackensack Meridian Ocean University Medical Center, NJ, United States

Background: Currently there exists a scarcity of comprehensive information regarding cancer trends within the Hispanic demographic. Historically, kidney and renal pelvis cancer has been categorized with a lower occurrence rate among Hispanics in comparison to non-Hispanic Whites. In this context, we undertook a retrospective cohort analysis spanning two decades, delving into the kidney and renal pelvis cancer incidence rates within the US Hispanic and non-Hispanic white populations across varying median household income levels.

Methods: We evaluated age-adjusted incidence rates among cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2020. The dataset includes information from 17 registries within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Median Household Income was recalibrated to account for inflation up to 2021.

Results: In our retrospective cohort study of kidney and renal pelvis cancer incidence rates among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations across income brackets, intriguing patterns emerge. At income levels <$35,000, Hispanics exhibited a lower incidence rate (15 per 100,000 population) compared to NHWs (18.9 per 100,000 population), with a count of 125 and 2,276 cases, respectively. Notably, among those earning $35,000 - $39,999 and $70,000 - $74,999, Hispanic rates were observed at (13.6 and 16.6 per 100,000 population), respectively, in contrast to NHW rates of (18.5 and 15.8 per 100,000 population). Conversely, NHWs consistently displayed marginally higher rates in other income segments.

Conclusions: Cancer poses a significant challenge within the US Hispanic communities. Our discoveries emphasize the complex relationship involving ethnicity, income, and the occurrence of kidney cancer. The outcomes of our research underline the necessity for additional exploration into potential influencing factors, such as healthcare accessibility, educational opportunities, and language barriers, which could potentially impact the incidence rates.